What is the difference between log and ln?

log (common logarithm) uses base 10: log₁₀(100) = 2 because 10² = 100. ln (natural logarithm) uses base e ≈ 2.718: ln(e) = 1. ln is more common in calculus and natural sciences; log₁₀ is used in pH, decibels, and Richter scale.

How do I calculate sin, cos, tan?

Trigonometric functions relate angles to side ratios in right triangles. Our calculator uses degrees (not radians). sin(90°) = 1, cos(0°) = 1, tan(45°) = 1. Remember: sin² + cos² = 1 for any angle.

What is Euler's number (e)?

e ≈ 2.71828 is the base of the natural logarithm. It's fundamental in compound interest (continuously compounding), exponential growth/decay, calculus (the derivative of eˣ is eˣ), and probability theory.

When do I use radians vs degrees?

Degrees are used in everyday geometry (a full circle = 360°). Radians are the mathematically natural unit used in calculus (a full circle = 2π radians). Our calculator uses degrees. To convert: multiply degrees × π/180 to get radians.

Scientific Calculator — Free Online Calculator

The Scientific Calculator provides all the functions you need for advanced math, physics, chemistry, and engineering calculations. Beyond basic arithmetic, it includes trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan), logarithms (log, ln), powers and roots, factorials, and mathematical constants like π and e. Whether you're solving a physics problem, working through calculus, or doing statistical analysis, this free tool is always ready.

Value A

Operation

Frequently Asked Questions

Scientific calculators handle advanced mathematical functions beyond basic arithmetic. They're used in physics (vectors, wave equations), chemistry (molar mass, pH), engineering (signal analysis), statistics (standard deviation), and advanced mathematics (calculus, trigonometry).

Related Calculators

📐Percentage Calculator 📐Square Root Calculator 📐Fraction Calculator